Gear Archives - FLYING Magazine https://cms.flyingmag.com/gear/ The world's most widely read aviation magazine Mon, 23 Sep 2024 19:10:31 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.6.1 Garmin inReach Messenger Offers Off-Grid Emergency Connectivity https://www.flyingmag.com/gear/garmin-inreach-messenger-offers-off-grid-emergency-connectivity/ Fri, 20 Sep 2024 15:20:12 +0000 https://www.flyingmag.com/?p=218063&preview=1 The rechargeable two-way satellite communicator has the ability to send an interactive SOS message.

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Garmin is making it possible for pilots and adventure seekers alike to stay connected when off grid with the Garmin inReach Messenger Plus SOS satellite communicator.

According to Garmin, the inReach Messenger Plus goes beyond cell service as the two-way satellite communicator has a lithium-ion battery that can last for 600 hours. The device can be used as a stand-alone tool or paired with a smartphone app, allowing the sharing of group texts, photos, and voice messages along with location information. 

The device has the ability to send an interactive SOS message to Garmin Response, an emergency assistance coordination center that is staffed 24/7. According to Garmin, inReach has contributed to more than 14,500 SOS activations.

“The new and enhanced messaging capabilities of the inReach Messenger Plus gives users a more personal and emotional way to communicate with friends and family when cell service isn’t available,” Dan Bartel, Garmin vice president of global consumer sales of enhanced messaging and navigation, said in a statement. “Tell your family you’ll be home late, send a photo of the epic view to your friends, or simply exchange voice messages to hear the person on the other end of the line. Plus, with a rechargeable battery that can last for weeks, safety charging to help restore a depleted phone, and the ability to trigger an SOS message, the inReach Messenger Plus is an invaluable tool for any adventure.”

The Technology

In addition to the long-lasting battery, Garmin notes that when out of cell service range, the Messenger app will automatically switch to satellite technology. The device can send 30-second voice messages or texts with up to 1,600 characters, as well as emojis.

The inReach Messenger Plus can also be used to check weather and operate as a fully functional, stand-alone, palm-sized device. When paired with the Garmin Explore app on a compatible smartphone, inReach can be used to plan a trip, seek the route, and view a course showing the remaining distance to your destination.

The unit is temperature resistant and able to withstand incidental water exposure of up to 1 meter for up to 30 minutes, according to Garmin.

The inReach Messenger Plus has a suggested retail price of $499.99. An active satellite subscription ($14.99 per month) is required to communicate using the device.

For more information be found here.

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Paper vs. Electronic Logbooks: Pros and Cons https://www.flyingmag.com/gear/paper-vs-electronic-pilot-logbook/ Mon, 19 Aug 2024 14:55:03 +0000 https://www.flyingmag.com/?p=213707&preview=1 Find out the best flight logbook for you—paper, digital, or a combination.

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Logging flight time and experience is an essential part of becoming a pilot. Logbooks, both paper and electronic, help pilots track and organize their hours and endorsements for future reference.

Deciding which type of logbook to use is important to do early on in your flying career, if possible. The more hours a pilot accumulates, the more work it will be to transfer all of that information into a new format. Before choosing a logbook, consider these pros and cons to determine which one is right for you.

Why Are Pilot Logbooks Important?

Digital and electronic logbooks are used to track flight time and provide proof of a pilot’s qualifications.

Pilots are required to keep track of their flight hours and aeronautical experience when working toward a new certificate or rating. Logbooks are also used to track currency for existing certificates and ratings, such as an instrument rating or night currency. Using an official pilot logbook helps keep all of that information organized and easily accessible.

Logbook entries include information about the flight and the pilot’s activity. A standard entry includes the date, conditions of the flight, type of flight experience gained, and total flight time. Flight conditions could be day or night flying, IFR , or simulated IFR.

Examples of flight experience a pilot could log are PIC, solo time, or instruction received.

Pilot logbooks serve as documented proof of a pilot’s training. Keeping neat, accurate records will make your life easier as you advance through your training.

Paper Logbook: Advantages and Disadvantages

A paper logbook is a physical book, usually bound with a hardcover.

Pilots record their flight times and endorsements by hand and manually calculate their flight hours. Paper logbooks are the more traditional method of pilot recordkeeping, and many pilots prefer the tangibility of documenting on paper.

Pros of Paper Logbooks

  • Tangible and familiar: There’s something about putting pen to paper. There’s no real learning curve and nothing overly complex about filling out a physical logbook.
  • No reliance on technology: As long as you have your book in hand, you can access and update your hours. There’s no subscription fee or internet connection required.
  • Accepted universally: You’d be hard pressed to find a school, scholarship, or job application that doesn’t accept pictures of physical logbook pages as proof of experience.

Cons of Paper Logbooks

  • Limited space: There are only so many pages in a paper logbook. Eventually, it will fill up and you’ll need to get a new one. Every logbook filled is another one you need to keep safe.
  • Vulnerability to damage or loss: Paper logbooks can be easily ruined by spills, tears, or wear over time. They also can be lost or stolen.
  • Human error: Tallying up hours by hand, page after page, will almost inevitably lead to an error at some point. Pages can be totaled incorrectly and types of flight time get missed. Duplicate logs or regular audits may help catch and prevent errors but are not foolproof.
  • Difficulty in data analysis: Tallying up hours in a column is one thing, but going back through months or years of data to add up specific types of time is another. When it comes time to apply for a new rating or certificate, the process of proving eligibility is time-consuming with a paper log.

Our top picks for paper logbooks have a hardcover, plenty of pages, and fill-in-the-blank endorsements.

Electronic Pilot Logbook: Advantages and Disadvantages

An electronic pilot logbook is a digital record of a pilot’s flight experience.

It contains virtually the same information as a paper logbook but is housed online or on a digital device. Digital pilot logbooks have become increasingly popular as a backup or replacement for paper logbooks.

Pros of Electronic Logbooks

  • Automatic calculations and summaries: With an electronic pilot logbook, there are no manual calculations needed. The software is designed to total your flight hours automatically.
  • Easy data entry and editing: If a flight is logged incorrectly, it’s easy to go back and make adjustments. Corrections on a paper log can get messy, especially if they are not caught until multiple pages later.
  • Advanced analysis and reporting features: Pulling up data in a specific category takes only a click or two. Most logbook software also includes currency tracking and reminders.
  • Cloud storage and backup: One of the biggest advantages of digital logbooks over paper is recoverability. Electronic logs are usually hosted on software that backs up copies of your logbook to the cloud. Even if your tablet or phone is lost or broken, your data is still safe and can be restored on another device.

Cons of Electronic Logbooks

  • Initial learning curve: As with any new software or tech, it may take a little time to become familiar with an electronic logbook. Figuring out all of the new-to-you functions might not be immediately intuitive.
  • Dependence on technology: Logbooks need to be on hand and accessible when flying certain types of operations. If your logbook is housed online, you’ll need to make sure your tablet or phone is charged so you can access it.
  • Potential synchronization issues: Apps don’t always integrate with other apps and devices as easily as we hope. Tech issues are a possible complication of an electronic pilot log.
  • Cost of software subscriptions: Keeping up with a recurring subscription fee is definitely more expensive than buying a paper logbook one time. If low cost is a priority, the options for digital logbooks in that category are certainly limited.

Our favorite digital logbooks come at a variety of price points with all different levels of capability.

Which Flight Log Type Is Best?

  • During flight planning: When planning a flight or flying schedule, you might want to review various hour totals for currency. For fast and accurate totals, an electronic logbook would be the better choice.
  • In the cockpit: While in the air, internet access is limited. A digital logbook may not load or update while flying, so a paper logbook would be better for inflight reference.
  • During aircraft inspections: Ramp inspections may happen suddenly and without notice. While logbooks are not a required item to present during a ramp check, it’s best to have one accessible if possible for a smooth inspection process. If you have a dead iPad and can’t access your logbook, you might find yourself in a bad position with the FAA. A paper logbook is potentially the safer option to have on hand in this scenario.
  • For career advancement: If you plan to fly professionally, an electronic logbook is the most efficient option. When you apply for pilot jobs, airlines and other potential employers will request detailed reports on your hours. Digital logbook software makes it easy to pull up-to-date, comprehensive reports on your flight hours.

Find a Flight Logbook That Works for You

The best flight logbook for you may be paper, digital, or a combination. Go with your gut and start with whichever type you’re leaning toward.

You can always transfer your data to a different format later if you change your mind. It’s also a great idea to have a backup log. You may consider using more than one type or brand to diversify your data storage.

FAQ

Are electronic pilot logbooks legal?

Yes, electronic pilot logbooks are legal and just as valid as paper logbooks. As long as all required information is documented, flight hours can be logged manually or electronically.

What digital logbook do airline pilots use?

There isn’t one software that is standard among all airline pilots, but many airline pilots like LogTen Pro for its advanced features and reporting.

What is the best pilot logbook for iOS?

For hobby pilots, ForeFlight’s logbook feature is more than sufficient and is iOS-friendly.

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5 of the Best Pieces of Gear for Epic Underwing Camping https://www.flyingmag.com/the-new-owner/5-of-the-best-pieces-of-gear-for-epic-underwing-camping/ Wed, 14 Aug 2024 14:00:00 +0000 https://www.flyingmag.com/?p=213420&preview=1 Whether at AirVenture or sleeping under the stars, here's what you'll want to have with you.

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Over the years, I’ve learned that the more you attend the EAA AirVenture fly-in at Oshkosh, Wisconsin, the more the event becomes about the people rather than the airplanes.

When I first visited in 1998 or so, my mind boggled at the incredible variety of flying rarities on display, and with my cheap film camera in hand, I pursued them all with ferocity. Now, having stalked and captured the most intriguing specimens—and having met new friends every year—AirVenture has become an annual reunion of some of my favorite people in the world.

Historically, I’d spend the week wandering around the grounds, either encountering friends entirely by chance or by arranging various meeting times and locations (1 p.m. in the shade beneath the Piaggio Royal Gull, for example). But now, with an airplane of my own, everything has changed.

Namely, I now make a point to create my very own underwing patio. A gathering place with cool shade, comfy chairs, ice-cold drinks, and pleasant company. Having set up and hosted such meeting spots for three years, I believe I’ve discovered some of the most crucial elements. 

Nemo Stargaze Reclining Camp Chair ($250)

A unique take on the traditional folding chair, Nemo’s hammock-like Stargaze chair is the most comfy out there. [Courtesy: Jason McDowell]

When it comes to items that separate you from the ground, I believe it’s well worth spending a premium for the good stuff. Tires, mattresses, shoes, rock-climbing rope, and parachutes come to mind. This is a category where the cheapest options can create experiences that are miserable at best or disastrous at worst.

In the world of folding chairs, it seems quality is proportional to cost. After researching and sampling many various options, I’ve finally arrived at the Nemo Stargaze reclining camp chair. While pricey at $250, this is one of those items you buy once and enjoy forever. The perfect design and sleep-inducing comfort endure long after you’ve forgotten about the money you’ve spent. 

Like most folding chairs, the Stargaze packs down into a smaller zippered carrying bag. It doesn’t pack down quite as small as some chairs out there, but it’s a worthy price to pay for sublime comfort. It’s also quick and easy to set up, with no tricky fitments or overly tight tolerances to annoy you. At night, to prevent the chair from becoming soaked in dew, it only takes a few seconds to unclip the two anchor points and toss the fabric part into a tent.

I bought a couple of extras for friends, and everyone remarked about how comfy they were. With dedicated pockets for a drink and a phone, everyone settles in, and few look forward to getting back up.

Solar-Powered String Lights ($33)

String lights with large bulbs and a warm color temperature make for a charming evening atmosphere. [Courtesy: Jason McDowell]

On a warm summer night with a light breeze and sparkling conversation, it’s really nice to add just a bit of ambiance. In typical camping environments, a campfire is ideal—but with 40 or so gallons of 100LL just overhead, there are better options. 

I’m a fan of the Lepro brand string lights I found on Amazon. With solar power, the lights charge up during the day and then turn on at night. I hang mine up beneath the wing and simply set the small solar panel on top of the plane.

There is one downside. They won’t turn on until the photocell is convinced it’s completely dark out. This is annoying, as I find myself wanting the lights to turn on about an hour or two before they do. Accordingly, I have to use tape to cover the photocell as dusk settles in.

I put up with the annoyance, however, because unlike many string lights out there, the Lepros have a nice, warm, golden glow despite being LEDs. This creates a pleasant atmosphere that you really appreciate after seeing other LED string lights that have a high color temperature.

This year, for example, one camping neighbor’s harsh whitish-blue lights created an atmosphere every bit as charming as a vape shop in a strip mall, whereas my campsite was warm and inviting.

Pelican 30-Quart Elite Cooler ($250)

Simultaneously a cooler, ottoman, and coffee table, the Pelican cooler serves multiple purposes. [Courtesy: Jason McDowell]

Icy-cold drinks are critical in hot, humid Wisconsin summers.

The first year I attended AirVenture as an airplane owner, I brought along a cheap styrofoam cooler to keep drinks chilled. It lasted about three days before cracking and being rendered useless.

The subsequent hunt for the perfect cooler was more complex than I expected. I wanted the perfect size—small enough to fit into my back seat for transport, yet big enough to hold a fair amount of beverages. I also decided I wanted one that performed well, as it would be sitting outside in the sun all day, every day.

I decided on the Pelican 30-quart Elite cooler. Compared to the equivalent Yeti, it has thicker walls, and I reasoned this equates to better insulation. It also has more robust latches and features some shallow cup holders on top that make it a decent side table or ottoman when closed.

I ordered white to better reflect the sun throughout the day, and it has performed beautifully. I typically add a small bag of ice once per day, which is more than necessary. Now, two years into ownership, I can’t find a single aspect to complain about.

Alps Mountaineering Camp Table ($80)

Whether used for preparing a meal or keeping items off the ground and within easy reach, a good camp table has many uses. [Courtesy: Jason McDowell]

A good underwing table is the least exciting item on the list but also arguably the most useful.

Whether used to brew coffee, prepare meals, or simply keep everyday items in a handy, orderly state, it earns its keep every day. The trick is finding one that is perfectly sized for GA camping.

At 28 inches square and 27 inches tall, the Alps Mountaineering Camp Table fits the bill. Even better, it quickly collapses into a 7.5-by-4-by-28-inch pouch for transport and, with its aluminum construction, weighs only 6 pounds. The top can be easily removed and hosed off if needed, and while parts of it are plastic, everything appears to be relatively robust and durable.  

I’ve found that a good camp table isn’t truly valued until you’ve used it—and then you have to go without it. Suddenly, things like food, phone chargers, sunscreen, and all the random miscellanea that one compiles throughout the day begin to collect on the ground and in various corners of the aircraft cabin. It’s one item I’m happy to have along on any camping trip.

Anker Power Station ($329-$600)

Roughly the size of two shoeboxes, the Anker C1000 provided twice as much capacity as needed for two people over an entire week of camping. [Courtesy: Jason McDowell]

As airplane campsites at AirVenture lack any kind of power, keeping devices charged has always been a challenge.

Historically, my strategy was to use two small 20,000 mAh power banks, leaving one plugged into a communal charging station overnight—unattended—while using the other. While this did keep my phone charged, it became annoying to monitor the charge levels of each, hoping to find an available outlet at the charging station…and then hoping it wouldn’t grow legs and walk away.

This year, I went nuclear. Not literally, although the power output of my big Anker C1000 1,056 watt-hour (Wh) charging station sometimes has me guessing. While expensive, there is another option at $600, only $100 more than the next smaller option, and I like to err on the side of more capacity.

I wasn’t sure about how much capacity I’d actually need. I knew I’d have a guest in their own tent next to my plane for the week, and I knew that we both wanted to keep our devices fully charged. I also knew that, as a good host, I’d like to be able to offer a top-off to friends stopping by for a visit.

For nine days, I did all of these things—and ended up using less than half of the C1000’s total capacity of 1,056 Wh. So, I clearly overbought. The upside? Now, I know I can run a couple of small fans at future AirVentures to keep cool and keep mosquitos away.

So, based on my own mission requirements, the smaller $500 Anker C800 Plus, with 768 Wh of capacity, would easily suffice while saving me money. For just one person, the even smaller Anker 535, with 512 Wh of capacity, would likely be just fine.

Regardless of which model you choose, having all the power you need right at your airplane for a week or more is a total game changer. 

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Which Equipment Meets FAA Oxygen Requirements? https://www.flyingmag.com/gear/which-equipment-meets-oxygen-requirements/ Wed, 14 Aug 2024 13:52:19 +0000 https://www.flyingmag.com/?p=213430&preview=1 Let’s maximize aviation safety by understanding FAA oxygen regulations.

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To conduct flights at higher altitudes, an aircraft must either have a pressurized cabin to replicate the pressure at a lower altitude, or its occupants must be given supplemental oxygen. Regardless of the system, basic knowledge of oxygen equipment can be critical whether you are flying a pressurized commercial jet or an unpressurized general aviation aircraft.

In unpressurized aircraft, the oxygen system is primarily intended to provide supplemental oxygen when required by altitude and time of exposure. It can also be used, when required, for protection in the event of smoke, fire, and/or fumes.

Conversely, the primary purpose of oxygen systems installed in a pressurized aircraft is for emergency use in the event of pressurization loss. Oxygen equipment must also be used for smoke, fire, and/or fumes events as well as certain normal flight profiles.

Overview of FAA Oxygen Regulations

The FAA, via Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR), governs supplemental oxygen requirements under different flight rules.

Part 91: General Operating and Flight Rules

14 CFR 91.211, which pertains to supplemental oxygen requirements for civil aircraft, states:

  • At cabin pressure altitudes above 12,500 feet msl and up to 14,000 feet msl, the required minimum flight crew must use supplemental oxygen if the flight at these altitudes lasts more than 30 minutes.
  • At cabin pressure altitudes above 14,000 feet msl, the entire flight crew must use supplemental oxygen during the entire flight time at these altitudes.
  • At cabin pressure altitudes above 15,000 feet msl, all occupants of the aircraft, including passengers, must be provided with supplemental oxygen.

Additionally, for pressurized cabin aircraft:

  • At flight altitudes above flight level (FL) 250, a 10-minute supply of supplemental oxygen must be available for each occupant of the aircraft, including passengers, in case of cabin pressurization loss.
  • At flight altitudes above FL 350, one pilot must wear and use an oxygen mask that automatically supplies oxygen when cabin pressure exceeds 14,000 feet msl. If two pilots are present, quick-donning oxygen masks are acceptable below FL 410.
  • If it is necessary for one pilot to leave the flight deck when operating at flight altitudes above FL 350, the remaining pilot shall put on and use an oxygen mask until the other pilot has returned to that crewmember’s station.

Part 135: Operating Requirements Regarding Commuter and On-Demand Operations

14 CFR 135.89, which outlines the requirements for supplemental oxygen use by pilots of commuter and on-demand operations, states:

  • Above 10,000 feet through 12,000 feet msl, each pilot must use supplemental oxygen if the flight at these altitudes lasts more than 30 minutes.
  • Above 12,000 feet msl, each pilot must use supplemental oxygen during the entire flight time at these altitudes.

Additionally, for pressurized cabin aircraft:

  • Whenever a pressurized aircraft operates with cabin pressure altitude above 10,000 feet msl, each pilot shall follow the same requirements as above.
  • At altitudes above 25,000 feet through 35,000 feet msl, unless each pilot has an approved quick-donning type oxygen mask:
    • At least one pilot must wear an oxygen mask that supplies oxygen continuously or automatically when cabin pressure altitude exceeds 12,000 feet msl.
    • Other pilots in the flight deck must have quickly accessible oxygen masks.
  • At altitudes above 35,000 feet mslMSL, at least one pilot at the controls must wear the required oxygen mask.
  • If it is necessary for one pilot to leave the flight deck when operating at flight altitudes above 25,000 feet msl, the remaining pilot shall put on and use an oxygen mask until the other pilot has returned to that crewmember’s station.

Part 121: Operating Requirements Regarding Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations

14 CFR 121.329 pertains to supplemental oxygen requirements for turbine-engine-powered airplanes conducting domestic, flag, and/or supplemental operations. It states each certificate holder must equip their airplane with sustaining oxygen and dispensing equipment. In addition, the amount of oxygen provided must be sufficient to comply with the rules of this section.

For crewmembers:

  • At cabin pressure altitudes above 10,000 feet, up to and including 12,000 feet, oxygen must be provided for and used by each member of the flight crew on flight deck duty and must be provided for other crewmembers for that part of the flight at these altitudes for a duration longer than 30 minutes.
  • Above 12,000 feet, oxygen is required for all flight crewmembers during the entire flight at these altitudes.

For passengers:

  • For flights lasting more than 30 minutes at cabin pressure altitudes above 10,000 feet and up to 14,000 feet, enough oxygen for 10 percent of the passengers must be available.
  • For flights at cabin pressure altitudes above 14,000 feet and up to 15,000 feet, enough oxygen must be provided for that part of the flight at these altitudes for 30 percent of the passengers.
  • For flights at cabin pressure altitudes above 15,000 feet, enough oxygen must be provided for each passenger carried during the entire flight at these altitudes.

Equipment for Meeting FAA Oxygen Requirements

There are three components to most oxygen systems, whether they are portable or installed systems. They include storage systems (i.e., containers), delivery systems, as well as masks and cannulas.

When choosing oxygen equipment for an aircraft, it is critical to select products from trusted manufacturers known for their commitment to quality and safety.

Oxygen Storage Systems

Oxygen can be stored in the aircraft as a gas, liquid, or a solid. It can be stored in either high-pressure (i.e., 1,800-2,200 psi) or low-pressure (i.e., 400-450 psi) containers.

Oxygen Delivery Systems

There are three primary oxygen delivery systems:

  • Continuous flow system: This system delivers a continuous flow of oxygen from the storage container to its user(s) whether they are inhaling, exhaling, or pausing in between breaths. This system is typically used at 28,000 feet and lower.
  • Diluter demand system: This system gives its user(s) oxygen on demand, during inhalation, and stops the flow when the demand ceases during exhalation. The incoming oxygen is diluted with cabin air and provides the proper percentage of oxygen depending on the altitude. This system is typically used at altitudes up to 40,000 feet.
  • Pressure demand system: This system provides oxygen under positive pressure. Positive pressure is a forceful oxygen flow that slightly overinflates the lungs. This, in a sense, pressurizes the lungs to a lower altitude, thus allowing its user(s) to fly at altitudes above 40,000 feet.

Oxygen Masks and Cannulas

When considering an oxygen mask or cannula, ensure it is compatible with the delivery system being used.

Nasal cannulas, for example, are continuous-flow devices and offer the advantage of personal comfort. However, they are restricted by federal aviation regulations to 18,000 feet service altitude. 

Best Practices for Oxygen Equipment Use

Oxygen equipment certification and approval processes depend on the type of aircraft. Regardless of the oxygen equipment being used, regular maintenance and inspections must be followed to ensure the proper operation of the system.

Oxygen Equipment Certification and Approval Processes

The oxygen equipment certification and approval procedures follow 14 CFR Part 23 requirements for aircraft airworthiness standards. However, for type-certificated aircraft in private, noncommercial operations, any portable system may be used to satisfy the previously mentioned flight rules.

On the other hand, type-certificated aircraft that are approved for operation above 14,000 msl must have an oxygen system installed as part of the certification process. While that oxygen system cannot be uninstalled or removed, there is no requirement to use that oxygen system for private, non-commercial operations in unpressurized aircraft.

In private settings, a pilot can use a portable system to satisfy the oxygen use rules even with an installed system present in the aircraft.

Oxygen Equipment Maintenance and Inspection Protocols

The FAA recommends that every pilot performs the “PRICE” check prior to every flight on the oxygen equipment installed on the aircraft they are about to operate. Following these steps ensures the proper operation of the oxygen equipment in case there is a need for it:

  • Pressure: Ensure there is enough oxygen pressure and quantity to complete the flight.
  • Regulate: Inspect the oxygen regulator for proper function.
  • Indicator: Don the oxygen mask and check the flow indicator to ensure a steady flow of oxygen.
  • Connections: Ensure all connections are secured.
  • Emergency: Have the oxygen equipment ready for use in emergencies requiring oxygen. This step should also include briefing passengers on the location of oxygen and its proper use.

Regular maintenance and inspections of the system should also be conducted per manufacturer’s instructions.

Choose Oxygen Equipment That Meets Your Needs

Oxygen equipment is an issue that should concern all pilots from a safety-of-flight standpoint.

When choosing oxygen equipment for an aircraft, it is critical to select products from trusted manufacturers known for their commitment to quality and safety.

In addition, every pilot should be familiar with the equipment they have on board, know when to use it, and most importantly, understand its limitations.

FAQ

What is the minimum oxygen saturation for flying?

The minimum oxygen saturation for flying varies depending on the context. A 100 percent oxygen saturation level is ideal while flying.

At what altitude do you need oxygen when flying?

Supplemental oxygen is required above 12,500 feet msl for unpressurized cabin aircraft, if the flight at these altitudes lasts more than 30 minutes. Additional requirements apply per 14 CFR 91.211.

What are the oxygen requirements for Part 121?

Part 121 oxygen requirements necessitate certificate holders to equip their airplanes with sustaining oxygen and dispensing equipment. In addition, the amount of oxygen provided must be sufficient to comply with the rules of 14 CFR 121.329.

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A More Advanced Headset Keeps Pilots Safer https://www.flyingmag.com/sponsored/a-more-advanced-headset-keeps-pilots-safer/ Fri, 02 Aug 2024 19:29:53 +0000 https://www.flyingmag.com/?p=212394&preview=1 Lightspeed uses active noise reduction technology to remove interference and provide crisp audio.

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Cockpit noise has long been a major source of frustration, particularly for pilots in training who have to communicate with instructors and air traffic controllers (ATC).

From single-engine planes to airliners, the constant hum of engines, hydraulic motors, landing gear machinery, and aeolian noise (wind noise) can be deafening at the best of times. 

Heider Lazzarini, president of Lightspeed Aviation, sat down with AVweb editor-in-chief Russ Niles at EAA AirVenture in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, to discuss the innovations that make the Delta Zulu ANR Headset the latest in a long line of top-quality products. 

As the leading name for active noise reduction (ANR) technology, Lightspeed has spent decades perfecting the formula.

“In simple terms, external noise is counterbalanced by what a processor inside the headset is reading,” Lazzarini said. “Effectively, our ANR takes all the sound waves and blocks them out, and what comes through is what you want to hear—sounds in the range of human voice and even electronic equipment. It keeps the unwanted noises out of the equation and lets the wanted noises into your headset.”

For nearly two decades, Lightspeed has continued to improve and refine its ANR headsets, staying at the forefront of a competitive segment.

“At the core of how we operate is talking to pilots and having hundreds of conversations with users about what’s meaningful and what they need,” Lazzarini said. “We want to hear about their passion and how to translate that into superior products.”

In September 2022, Lightspeed unveiled its most advanced product to date, the Delta Zulu.  With the most refined ANR implementation available, the Delta Zulu offers not only quality but also innovative safety features that keep raising the bar.  

The built-in Kanari smart alert delivers audible warnings to the user automatically if cabin carbon monoxide levels rise, making CO detector strips less of a worry. 

“It’s something you don’t want to think about often, but Delta Zulu takes the complexity out of the way by offering a direct alert for carbon monoxide levels,” Lazzarini said.  

According to Lazzarini, Lightspeed’s other exclusive, proprietary innovation comes in the form of HearingEQity.

“It acts as a built-in hearing aid, and it further maximizes the advantages of ANR technology to make ATC calls and copilot communication crystal clear,” he said.

With this patented system, pilots create a unique hearing profile through an automated 12-frequency test that adjusts sound quality based on each individual’s hearing. 

The Lightspeed Delta Zulu is also the first headset to adopt the ultra accessing connector (UAC) plug, allowing users to connect to other devices directly to the headset for charging, data communications, and auxiliary audio.

With the growing popularity of helmets, Lightspeed also offers a modification kit that allows users to fit Delta Zulu headset cups into a variety of helmets.

“Our H-mod headset cups can be retrofitted through our network of installation partners worldwide,” Lazarrini said. “You can have Lightspeed quality in the helmets you want to use. This is the only premium ANR and audio solution specifically engineered for helmets.”

Regarding the future, Lazarrini said that the Lightspeed team will continue to listen to end users about the features and design of its products. The company is proud to offer the leading headsets on the market.

“I’m biased, but our headsets are the most comfortable in the world, because we always work with pilots to test the design,” he said. “Try on all our competitors and see for yourself.”  

Quality ANR headsets have been proven to make pilots safer and protect their hearing, particularly at low frequencies. With its line of industry-leading equipment, Lightspeed Aviation continues to pursue safety and comfort for pilots and passengers. 

“It’s a whole different reality now with technologies that are accessible to everyone,” said Lazzarini. “ANR was developed in the last 20 years, and it’s only improving. It makes pilots a lot safer and makes ATC calls much clearer. That’s the center of our mission—saving and protecting lives.” 

BROUGHT TO YOU BY Lightspeed Aviation

Click here to learn more about Lightspeed Aviation

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Top 7 Prime Day 2024 Deals for Pilots https://www.flyingmag.com/gear/top-7-prime-day-deals-for-pilots/ Tue, 16 Jul 2024 04:08:00 +0000 https://www.flyingmag.com/?p=184665 Find the perfect items for your pilot family members during Amazon's Prime Days for 2024 - July 16 and July 17.

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Amazon’s Prime Days for 2024 – July 16 and July 17 – are around the corner, so it may be time to start considering what items or gifts would best suit your flight instructor, hangar neighbor, or pilot family members. While gifts for aviators can run on the expensive side, Amazon Prime has some deals this week that might appeal. Here are a few we found:

Levi’s Men’s Faux Leather Aviator Bomber Jacket: It’s warm and features multiple pockets with snap closures, upper zipper pockets, welt pockets, and a hidden interior pocket.

Oakley SI Jupiter Squared Aviator Sunglasses for Men: The lenses provide optical clarity and razor-sharp vision as well as clarity and protection against impact and UV light.

SOJOS Retro Aviator Sunglasses for Women: The lenses filter out sunlight reflected glare and protect eyes from long term damage by blocking UVA and UVB rays.

Four-Channel Remote Control Airplane for Beginners: This classic airplane has a simple operation mode that only needs to press the switch and pull the stick to easily control the aircraft’s aerobatics. (Only good on 7/16)

MiiKARE Airplane Travel Essentials Phone Holder: This essential travel phone holder is designed to free up your hands and enhance your travel experience. It features multi-directional and 360-degree rotation.

Protective Hard Shell for MacBook Air: This shell from SoonJet fits snugly like a second skin, allows easy access to all ports and ensures smooth opening and closing. (only good on 7/16)

Small Portable Charger with Built-in Cables: Sethruki boasts that this is the slimmest and the smallest of portable chargers with cables, weighing only 122 grams and shaped like a credit card. (only good on 7/16)

Editor’s note: This article is not intended as an endorsement of the products listed, but rather as a list of options that may be of interest.

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D-Day Squadron Headsets, GoPro Gear Stolen in U.K. https://www.flyingmag.com/gear/d-day-squadron-headsets-gopro-gear-stolen-in-u-k/ Tue, 02 Jul 2024 14:22:39 +0000 /?p=210588 Following the theft, Bose donated five new A30 aviation headsets to the Western Airlines crew in England marking the 80th anniversary of D-Day.

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It is never fun when someone steals from you, especially when you are traveling overseas as part of a historical aviation event like D-Day Squadron’s 2024 Legacy Tour.

The tour, made up of 11 World War II-era DC-3s and C-47s, began in North America in May before heading to England to take part in events marking the 80th anniversary of D-Day.

According to Lyndse Costabile, executive director of the D-Day Squadron, the first night the tour was in the U.K. someone broke into the Western Airlines DC-3-119E, stealing all the Bose headsets (four A20s and one A30) and GoPro gear.

“There was no damage to the airplane, and as there were no crewmembers there, no altercations for the team,” Costabile said.

According to Costabile, the theft was reported to local police, but with little hope of the headsets being returned, a schedule to keep, and two months left on the tour, the crew had no choice but to replace them.

Since Bose is a longtime supporter of the organization, she contacted the company to see if it could help. It donated five new A30 aviation headsets to the Western Airlines crew.

“For warbird pilots and crew flying one of the most legendary and loud vintage aircraft of our time, the Bose product is unmatched,” Costabile said. “Bose Aviation remains a strong partner in our annual commemorations and historical programming to honor the greatest generation. We’re grateful they answered the call, a rescue to our efforts and a very deserving crew who worked tirelessly to get Western Airlines aboard this mission and across the pond.”

The headsets were waiting for the crew when it arrived in Germany on June 14 for the 75th anniversary of the Berlin Airlift.

“The Berlin Airlift 75th anniversary commemoration was a success, and thanks to Bose Aviation, the Western Airlines DC-3 crew felt right at home again equipped with A30s for a memorable Jelly Belly candy drop, 75 years later,” said Costabile. “We are looking forward to reuniting with our Bose family at this year’s EAA AirVenture in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, as a collection of DC-3 and C-47 aircraft fill the skies for scheduled ‘DDay80’ commemorations.”

Sean Rossi, Bose vice president of global marketing, said it was an honor to help the crew complete its mission.

“There was no question we needed to help,” said Rossi. “These pilots were flying in an extremely strenuous environment, and we didn’t want the burden of replacing the stolen headsets to impact their participation in the Legacy Tour in any way. We are honored that the D-Day Squadron turned to Bose for assistance and hope the crew’s new A30 aviation headsets bring comfort and clarity to the remainder of their journey.”

The D-Day Squadron wouldn’t exist without the help of private and corporate support, according to Costabile. The organization was established in 2019 as a means to make sure future generations learn about “Flying Freedom” and the Allied flight into France on that famous day in 1944. 

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EDMO: New Antenna Switches Boost Aircraft Comms https://www.flyingmag.com/avionics/edmo-new-antenna-switches-boost-aircraft-comms/ Tue, 18 Jun 2024 15:35:18 +0000 /?p=209731 The Icarus Instruments EXTenna switches allow pilots to use an existing VHF comm antenna with any hand-held VHF radio.

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EDMO Distributors has new options to improve your cockpit comms.

The Icarus Instruments EXTenna Switch is a small device that, when installed in an aircraft, allows the pilot to use an existing VHF comm antenna with any hand-held VHF radio.

According to EDMO, EXTenna Switch greatly extends the range and readability of most battery powered, hand-held radios that usually rely on the rubber antenna that comes attached to the radio. Often the range on these devices is very limited inside the aircraft.

The EXTenna Switch eliminates the need to install a dedicated backup VHF comm antenna, a process that is often expensive and adds drag to the airframe, as well compromising the aesthetic authenticity of antique and vintage designs.

Installation

Installation can be accomplished by using Minor Alteration FAA guidance, as the EXTenna Switch is a small, nonpowered, passive device that weighs only 2 ounces.

The EXTenna Switch can be panel mounted (P/N EXTSW-1) by drilling three small holes (precision steel drilling template supplied) and applying a supplied label.

It can also be installed in a preexisting 2.25-inch clock hole (P/N EXTSW-2). The unit has two

BNC connectors on the back side. One labeled TX connects to an existing VHF comm radio’s antenna connector (normally Comm 2) using a BNC jumper cable (not supplied). The other, labeled ANT, connects to the VHF comm antenna serving the same radio using the existing cable that was previously connected to the radio.

The default condition has the comm radio directly connected to the existing comm antenna through the EXTenna Switch.

When the pilot needs to use the hand-held radio, a supplied 4-foot cable is attached to its BNC RF jack at one end, and its 3.5 mm connector is plugged into the jack on the EXTenna Switch. This enables the pilot to disconnect the normal comm radio from its antenna and reconnect it to the hand-held radio.

In addition, EXTenna allows effective use of a hand-held radio in emergency situations, such as avionics or electrical failure, or for prestart Clearance Delivery or Ground Control communications.

The unit sells for a suggested price of $129.95.

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ASA Releases New IFR Oral Exam Guide https://www.flyingmag.com/pilot-proficiency/asa-releases-new-ifr-oral-exam-guide/ Fri, 31 May 2024 14:53:12 +0000 /?p=208646 This edition has new and expanded content for the pilot to apply during preflight, and discussion of the departure, en route, and arrival phases of instrument flight.

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Are you working on your instrument rating? You’ll want to get the latest edition of The Instrument Pilot Oral Exam Guide from Aviation Supplies and Academics (ASA) written by Jason Blair, a DPE and frequent contributor to FLYING.

ASA has been helping pilots achieve certification for decades. The Instrument Pilot Oral Exam Guide, now in its 11th edition, is arranged by topic, and provides a question-and-answer format very similar to the way the oral portion of the checkride is presented.

Blair aligns the guide with the Airman Certification Standards (ACS) that went into effect May 31, 2024. 

This edition has new and expanded content for the pilot to apply during the preflight, and discussion of the departure, en route, and arrival phases of instrument flight. There is an increase in application of scenario-based training, along with additional study material for Instrument Instructor (CFII) candidates. There’s also guidance for instrument proficiency checks (IPC) which to be effective, should be much more than shooting approaches.

The Instrument PilotOral Exam Guide can be found at pilot supply shops, online retailers or at ASA2fly.com.

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Pointers for Packing Your First Flight Bag https://www.flyingmag.com/pointers-for-packing-your-first-flight-bag/ Thu, 09 May 2024 12:55:21 +0000 https://www.flyingmag.com/?p=202423 Here’s what you need to begin that special aviation journey.

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While your pilot certificate feels like the most valuable thing in your possession—you would be correct. But you’ll need other tools in order to use it.

It takes a lot of personal equipment to learn to fly. It’s frustrating when you don’t have something you need—especially if no one told you that you’d need it. You may have noticed that pilots carry specialized gear bags, referred to as “flight bags.” They are designed with padded pockets for delicate items, such as headsets and tablets, along with multiple straps in which to store items so that they can be located readily in flight.

FLYING has a few suggestions for what to put in your flight bag so you are prepared for the best training experience possible.

Hearing loss can be a common affliction among pilots, so protect what you have. [Courtesy: David Clark]

Headset

Aviation can be loud. Hearing loss can be a common affliction among pilots, so protect what you have. An aviation headset, preferably one with a noise-canceling function, should be your first purchase to put in your bag. In fact, the padded pocket of most bags fits this purpose precisely. If the headset uses batteries, always make sure you carry spares and keep them in the original packing until use. This protects them from interacting with metal (like keys or clips on pens), which can lead to electric arcing and fire.

An aviation flashlight should have a white lens and at least one colored lens—be it green, red, blue, or amber— to protect your night vision. [Courtesy: Flight Outfitters]

Flashlight

An aviation flashlight should have a white lens and at least one colored lens—be it green, red, blue, or amber—to protect your night vision. Some pilots carry multiple flashlights. For example, one could be an L-shaped, military-issue C-cell battery strapped to a shoulder harness so it projects on the instrument panel during night flights.

A kneeboard is like a lap desk you use in the airplane. [Courtesy: Sporty’s Pilot Shop]

Kneeboard

A kneeboard is like a lap desk you use in the airplane. Make sure it can be secured to your leg and is stable. Also, ensure it does not get in the way of the yoke or stick when installed on your leg. It should have room for your notebook or tablet and a means to hold writing implements.

A backpack like this one can easily be converted into your first flight bag. [FLYING Magazine]

Charts and Chart Supplement

You may use ForeFlight or another app in the aircraft on a tablet, but you may find the paper versions of this information—in the form of charts—come in handy. Paper doesn’t break when you drop it on a hard surface like the ramp, and you can read paper charts easily in direct sunlight. Sectionals and terminal area charts (TACs) can also be turned into sunshades if you need them. Make sure they are current if you intend to use them in the aircraft.

An aviation fuel tester. [Courtesy: Flight Outfitters]

Fuel Strainer/Pipette or Gauge

You will use these tools during every preflight to check the fuel for impurities (a strainer) and the actual amount in the tanks (a pipette or gauge). Many flight schools have these on board the aircraft, but they tend to go missing. Make sure you put your name on yours and that the pipette/gauge is the correct one to use for the fuel tanks on the airplane you fly.

POH/AFM

There is supposed to be a pilot’s operating handbook (POH) or aircraft flight manual (AFM) aboard your training airplane. It covers the “O” in the “ARROW” mnemonic pilots use to recall the necessary documentation for the aircraft, in fact, because it includes the “operating limitations” referenced by that letter. In addition to the one found in the aircraft, you should have a POH/AFM of your own for reference. You will be using this book for every flight to determine takeoff and landing distance, fuel burn, etc.

The E6-B comes in an electronic form (think calculator on steroids) or the mechanical version, which is a circular slide rule and looks intimidating until you realize the instructions
for use are printed on it. [Courtesy: ASA]

E6-B Flight Computer

The flight computer is a must-have. They come in an electronic form (think calculator on steroids) or the mechanical E6-B, which is a circular slide rule and looks intimidating until you realize the instructions for use are printed on it. For primary pilots, I like the manual E6-B because the wind side helps with visualization of crosswinds and learning about VORs. You will use the E6-B during your knowledge test. Although there are apps for E6-Bs, you won’t be allowed to use your smartphone during the knowledge test, so get used to using something else.

Syllabus

Bring the syllabus with you to every lesson. Every. Lesson. Find an instructor who knows how to use one and will use one. It’s the best way to keep your training on course.

Multitool

This is a “just-in-case” device. You may need a tool to adjust your headset fit, trim a piece of rope, open a bottle of oil, or reseat a screw if the FBO and/or school policies permit.

Notebook and Pen

There is a lot of note taking as a pilot. You should make notes during the pre-lesson and post-lesson briefing with your instructor. You will also be writing down things in the cockpit—for example, the information from the automated weather. While there are many who choose to record information electronically, you may find paper more expedient as it does not require batteries and can be used as fire fuel in an emergency situation. Make sure you have several writing implements as well.


This feature first appeared in the March 2024/Issue 946 of FLYING’s print edition.

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